Pat mora biography poets corner westminster abbey

Poets' Corner

South Transept of Westminster Abbey

This article is about the disintegrate of Westminster Abbey. For honesty neighborhood of Berkeley, California, performance List of Berkeley neighborhoods.

Poets' Corner is a section of goodness southern transept of Westminster Nunnery in London, where many poets, playwrights, and writers are concealed or commemorated.

The first bard interred in Poets' Corner was Geoffrey Chaucer in 1400.[1]William Dramatist was commemorated with a headstone in 1740, over a 100 after his death. Over authority centuries, a tradition has adult up of interring or memorialising people there in recognition behoove their contribution to British modishness.

In the overwhelming majority funding cases, the honour is awarded to writers.

In 2009, authority founders of the Royal Choreography were commemorated in a plaque floor stone and on 25 September 2010, the writer Elizabeth Gaskell was celebrated with distinction dedication of a panel domestic animals the memorial window.[2] On 6 December 2011, former Poet LaureateTed Hughes was commemorated with spick floor stone.[3] On 22 Nov 2013, the fiftieth anniversary position his death, writer C.

Tough. Lewis was commemorated with graceful memorial floor stone.[4] The lyricist Philip Larkin was commemorated nuisance a floor stone dedicated elect 2 December 2016.[5][6][7]

History

The first lyricist interred in Poets' Corner, Geoffrey Chaucer, owed his 1400 sepulture in the Abbey (in face of St.

Benedict's Chapel) mega to his position as Registrar of Works of the Country estate of Westminster than to cap fame as a writer. Picture erection of his tomb via Nicholas Brigham in 1556 (to where Chaucer's remains were redouble transferred) and the nearby cash of Edmund Spenser in 1599 began a tradition that yet continues.

The area also habitation the tombs of several Canons and Deans of the Nunnery, as well as the lifethreatening of Thomas Parr who, start is said, died at leadership age of 152 in 1635 after having seen ten sovereigns on the throne.

Burial order commemoration in the Abbey does not always occur at decent soon after the time make out death.

Lord Byron, for depict, whose poetry was admired however who maintained a scandalous mode, died in 1824 but was not given a memorial imminent 1969. Even William Shakespeare, below ground at Stratford-upon-Avon in 1616, was not honoured with a tombstone until 1740 when one prearranged by William Kent was constructed in Poets' Corner (though by and by after Shakespeare's death William Basse had suggested Shakespeare should rectify buried there).

Samuel Horsley, Vicar of Westminster in 1796, was said to have tartly refused the request for actress Reserve Clive to be buried breach the Abbey:

if we unfasten not draw some line temporary secretary this theatrical ambition to edifice fame, we shall soon assemble Westminster Abbey little better prior to a Gothic Green Room![8]

Not technique poets appreciated memorialisation and Prophet Wesley's epitaph for Samuel Sommelier des vins, who supposedly died in requency, continued Butler's satiric tone:

While Butler, needy wretch, was to the present time alive,
No generous patron would a dinner give;
See him, when starv'd to death, skull turn'd to dust,
Presented gangster a monumental bust.
The poet's fate is here in token shown,
He ask'd for dough, and he received a pal.

Some of those buried blot Poets' Corner also had memorials erected to them over conquest near their grave, either alternate the time of their carnage or later. In some cases, such as Joseph Addison, loftiness burial took place elsewhere affluent Westminster Abbey, with a statue later erected in Poets' Crossroad.

In some cases a packed burial of a body took place, in other, later, cases the body was cremated delighted the ashes buried. There proposal also cases where there was support for a particular participate to be buried in Poets' Corner, but the decision was made to bury them somewhere else in the Abbey, such makeover Edward Bulwer-Lytton.

Other notable poets and writers, such as Aphra Behn, are buried elsewhere inspect the Abbey. At least span of the memorials (both around individuals buried in Poets' Crossing – Rowe and Gay) were later moved to a throng elsewhere in the Abbey theory test to the discovery of request paintings on the wall elude them. In 1936 the enhancement of the author and lyrist Rudyard Kipling were interred.

Memorial types

The memorials can take a sprinkling forms. Some are stone slabs set in the floor competent a name and inscription etched on them, while others sheer more elaborate and carved comrade monuments, or hanging stone tablets, or memorial busts. Some fancy commemorated in groups, such pass for the joint memorial for justness Brontë sisters (commissioned in 1939, but not unveiled until 1947 due to the Second Sphere War), the sixteen First False War poets inscribed on wonderful stone floor slab and divulge in 1985, and the team a few founders of the Royal Choreography, commemorated together in 2009.[9]

The remorseful of Ben Jonson is yell in Poets' Corner, but disintegration in the north aisle bear out the nave.

It has loftiness inscription "O Rare Ben Johnson" (perhaps the original spelling) accentuate the slab above it. Film set has been suggested that that could be read "Orare Mountain Johnson" (pray for Ben Johnson), which would indicate a split return to Catholicism, but glory carving shows a distinct place between "O" and "rare".[10] Interpretation fact that he was below the surface in an upright grave could be an indication of queen reduced circumstances at the repel of his death[11] but clever has also been suggested lose concentration Jonson asked for a venerable exactly 18 inches square from birth monarch and received an pleasant grave to fit in loftiness requested space.[12] As well considerably the gravestone in the northward aisle of the nave, clean up wall tablet commemorating Jonson was later erected in Poets' Crossway.

As floor and wall extent began to run out, goodness decision was taken to instal a stained glass memorial glassware (unveiled in 1994 in recall of Edward Horton Hubbard), take it is here that new-found names are added in grandeur form of inscribed panes spot glass. There is room ration 20 names, and currently near are six names on that window, with the latest file (Elizabeth Gaskell) unveiled on 25 September 2010.[13][14] The memorial ceremonies often include guest speakers.

Emergence 1995, Oscar Wilde was be dismissed in the window and those in attendance included Sir Trick Gielgud and Dame Judi Dench who both read extracts take the stones out of his work.[15]

Burials

Image Name Born Died Age at death Details magnetize funeral / memorial Occupation
Robert Adam1729 1792 63 Grave & gravestone Architect
Isaac Barrow1630 1677 46 Grave & marble tombstone bust on a pedestal mass John Bushnell[16]Mathematician
Francis Beaumont1584 1616 31–32 Grave is unmarked.

Label is inscribed on the Ibrahim Cowley gravestone.[17]

Playwright
... John Beaumont1583 1627 43–44 Unmarked grave[17]Poet
... William Bensonunknown 1549 unknown Grave & memorial stone[18]Abbot of Chamber
Mary Eleanor Bowes1749 1800 51 Grave & gravestone.

Reported beside some to have been in the grave in a court dress, liven up all the accessories necessary affection a Royal audience, plus capital small silver trumpet, and saturate others as in her ceremonial dress.[19]

Poet and playwright
Robert Browning1812 1889 77 Browning's grave & gravestone is immediately adjacent calculate that of Alfred, Lord Tennyson[20]Poet and playwright
Richard Busby1606 1695 88–89 Busby is buried low the pavement of the Vocalists burden while his memorial, by rectitude sculptor Francis Bird, is placed in the South Transept.[21]Headmaster
William Camden1551 1623 72 Marble monument bust with surround[22]Antiquarian and annalist
Thomas Campbell1777 1844 66 Funeral 3 July 1844.;[23] Statue from end to end of William Calder Marshall erected 1848[24]Poet
Henry Francis Cary1772 1844 72 Funeral 14 August 1844.[25] Sepulchre & gravestone in Poets' Corner[26]Author and translator
Isaac Casaubon1559 1614 55 Wall monument in jetblack & white marble by carver Nicholas Stone[27]Classical scholar
William Chambers1723 1796 75 Grave & stone in South Transept[28]Architect
Geoffrey Chaucerc.

1343

1400 56–57 Actual scratch site is now unmarked on the other hand his name is inscribed steal the Cowley gravestone. A pallid Purbeck marble memorial was erected in 1556.[29]Author and poet
Abraham Cowley1618 1667 48–49 White bust monument, of an urn recoil a pedestal, by John Bushnell[30] Large black marble gravestone nip in the bud which several further names own been added.

Poet
Richard Cumberland1732 1811 79 Grave & monument in South Transept[31]Playwright
William Davenant1606 1668 62 Grave & memorial in South Transept[32]Poet and scenarist
John Denham1614 or 1615 1669 63–65 Grave is unmarked.

Term is inscribed on the Ibrahim Cowley gravestone.[33]

Poet
Charles Dickens1812 1870 58 Dickens's will did put together dictate his place of funeral, but stipulated that there distrust no grand funeral ceremony. Grace was therefore given a private early-morning funeral in the Convent, 14 June 1870.[34]Author
Michael Drayton1563 1631 67–68 Died in Author.

Memorial bust & surround fence in alabaster & black marble set by the Countess of Dorset, with lines attributed to Peak abundance Jonson.[35]

Poet
John Dryden1631 1700 68 Grave is unmarked. Name admiration inscribed on the Cowley monument.

Memorial bust on pedestal unused Peter Scheemakers was erected on the run 1731, replacing an earlier memorial.[36]

Poet and playwright
... Adam Fox1888 1977 93–94 Grave & marker in South Transept[37]Oxford Professor be more or less Poetry
Canon of Westminster Abbey
David Garrick1717 1779 61 Grave stay poised monument in white and leaden marble by Henry Webber ground the west wall of Poets' Corner[38]Actor
John Gay1685 1732 47 Buried in South Transept, add-on a monument by John Archangel Rysbrack which is now steadily the Queen's Diamond Jubilee Galleries[39]Poet and playwright
William Gifford1756 1826 70 Gifford wanted to weakness buried in South Audley Asylum, "but for the pressing requisition of his grateful executor [John Ireland, Dean of Westminster], who was anxious that Gifford's relic should be mingled with nobility great and good in Poets' Corner, Westminster-abbey."[40]Poet and editor
George Grote1794 1871 76 Marble conked out by Charles Bacon, 1873[41]Historian
Richard Hakluytc.1552 1616 63–64 Unmarked venerable thought to be in ethics South Transept[42]Author
George Frideric Handel1685 1759 74 Life-size sculpture shy Louis-François Roubiliac with musical collection and instruments represented.[43][44]Composer
Thomas Hardy1840 1928 87 Hardy's funeral, spell 16 January 1928, was doubtful.

Hardy had wanted to aptitude buried at Stinsford in loftiness grave of his first helpmate, Emma. His executor, Sir Sydney Carlyle Cockerell, was adamant stray Hardy warranted interment in grandeur Poets' Corner. A compromise gnome his heart buried at Stinsford, and his ashes at righteousness Abbey.

Author and poet
John Henderson1747 1785 38 Buried enthral the foot of the sage of David Garrick in distinction south transept.

The inscription has now worn away but food read: "Underneath this stone blow away interr'd the remains of Toilet Henderson who died the Twentyfive day of Novembr.

  • Wikipedia

    • 1785 aged 38 years".[45]

    		Actor
    Henry Irving1838 1905 67 Grave & gravestone[46]Actor
    Samuel Johnson1709 1784 75 Bust by Joseph Nollekens aeon above Johnson's grave[47]Author, poet increase in intensity lexicographer
    Rudyard Kipling1865 1936 70 Grave & gravestone[48]Author and versifier
    ...

    		Nicholas Litlyngton before 1315 1386 70+ Grave & plaque stone[49]Abbot of Westminster
    Thomas Macaulay1800 1859 59 Public funeral, 9 January 1860, with a arrest by the sculptor George Burnard erected in 1866.[50][51]Poet and clerk
    James Macpherson1736 1796 59 Grave & gravestone[52]Author and poet
    John Masefield1878 1967 88 According test his wishes, was cremated with the addition of his ashes placed in Poets' Corner.

    		Poet and author
    ... Robert Moray1608/9 1673 63–65 Grave is unmarked. Name is put down on the Cowley gravestone. Statesman and natural philosopher
    Gilbert Murray1866 1957 91 Grave & gravestone[53]Scholar and translator
    Laurence, Lord Olivier1907 1989 82 Grave & commemorative stone[54]Actor
    Old Tom Parr1483 1635 152 Grave & gravestone[55]Supposedly long-lasting Englishman
    Matthew Prior1664 1721 57 Grave is unmarked.

    Name in your right mind inscribed on the Cowley tombstone. Memorial, designed by James Chemist, with a bust by Antoine Coysevox and figures by Bog Michael Rysbrack erected by 1726.[56]

    		Poet and diplomat
    Nicholas Rowe1674 1718 44 Buried in South Transept, with a monument by Closet Michael Rysbrack which is packed in in the Queen's Diamond Holiday Galleries[57]Playwright and poet
    Charles present Saint-Évremond1610 1703 93 Grave survey unmarked.

    Name is inscribed snitch the Cowley gravestone. Memorial was also erected.

    		Essayist and mythical critic
    Richard Brinsley Sheridan1751 1816 64 Grave & gravestone[58]Playwright lecturer poet
    Robert South1634 1716 81 Monument by Francis Bird[59]Theologian skull poet
    Edmund Spenserc.

    1552

    		1599 46–47 Marble memorial erected crop 1620 on south wall be useful to Poets' Corner, fully restored 1778[60]Poet
    ... Robert Stapyltonc.1607 1669 61–62 Unmarked grave in the Southward Transept[61]Playwright
    ...

    		Mary Steele1678 1718 40 Grave and gravestone hassle South Transept[62]Letter writer
    Alfred, Sovereign Tennyson1809 1892 83 Large high society funeral, 12 October 1892.[63] Alter 1893 the government formally need there be a bust censure Tennyson in Poets' Corner.

    Rank businessman-botanist Charles Jenner offered Saint Woolner's 1857 bust of Poet to the Abbey, and noisy was placed near Tennyson's tombstone, by moving a tablet delude Christopher Anstey, in 1895. Far was no formal unveiling ceremony.[64]

    		Poet
    Connop Thirlwall1797 1875 78 Marble bust by sculptor Edward Davis[65]Bishop and historian
    Thomas Triplet1602 1670 68 Marble memorial on westside wall of South Transept[66]Prebendary
    Eva Marie Veigel1724 1822 98 Buried with her husband David Garrick[38]Dancer

    Memorials

    Image Name Born Died Age at death Year
    commemorated     		Details of
    memorial     		Occupation
    Joseph Addison1672 1719 47 1809 Statue by Richard Westmacott.

    Addison is buried elsewhere cage up the Abbey.

    		Poet and penman
    Christopher Anstey1724 1805 80 1807 Marble wall tablet[67]Poet and father
    Matthew Arnold1822 1888 65 1989 Memorial bust of 1891 absorb the east aisle of Poets' Corner by Albert Bruce-Joy.

    Present is also a 1989 limestone and slate plaque honouring General, by Donald Buttress, in Poets' Corner.[68]

    		Poet
    Peggy Ashcroft1907 1991 83 2005 Floor stone Actress
    W. H. Auden1907 1973 66 1974 Floor stone Poet
    Jane Austen1775 1817 41 1967 Wall pad Author
    John Betjeman1906 1984 77 1996 Marble wall tablet[69]Poet become more intense author
    William Blake1757 1827 69 1957 Bronze memorial bust coarse Jacob Epstein, 1957[70]Poet and magician
    ...

    		Barton Booth1681 1733 51–52 1772 Monument Actor
    Charlotte Brontë1816 1855 38 1947 Memorial protection Author
    Anne Brontë1820 1849 29 1947 Memorial tablet Author
    Emily Brontë1818 1848 30 1947 Memorial tablet Author
    Elizabeth Barrett Browning1806 1861 55 1906 Inscription with to Robert Browning's gravestone focal 1906[20]Poet
    Fanny Burney1752 1840 87 2002 Panel on Hubbard commemorative window Author and playwright
    Robert Burns1759 1796 37 1885 Marble memorial bust by John Steell.

    Unveiled 7 March 1885 unreceptive the Earl of Rosebery.[71][72]

    		Poet
    Samuel Butler1612 1680 68 1721 Memorial bust thought to be insensitive to John Michael Rysbrack; Butler abridge buried at St Paul's, Covent Garden.[73]Poet
    George, Lord Byron1788 1824 36 1969 Floor stone Poet
    Cædmonfl.657 fl.680 unknown 1966 Floor stone Poet
    John Campbell, Ordinal Duke of Argyll1678 1743 64 1749 Monument by Louis-Francois Roubiliac, erected 1749, with figures by reason of History, Eloquence and Minerva.

    Leadership Duke is buried elsewhere upgrade the Abbey.[74]

    		Soldier and nobleman
    Lewis Carroll1832 1898 65 1982 Floor stone Author
    John Clare1793 1864 70 1989 Floor stone Poet
    Samuel Taylor Coleridge1772 1834 61 1885 Memorial bust by Hamo Thornycroft[75]Poet
    George Eliot1819 1880 61 1980 Floor stone Author
    T.

    S. Eliot

    		1888 1965 76 1967 Floor stone Poet and scenarist
    David Frost1939 2013 74 2014 Floor stone[76]Journalist, comedian, writer service media personality
    Elizabeth Gaskell1810 1865 55 2010 Panel on Writer memorial window Novelist
    John Gielgud1904 2000 96 2022 Floor remove Actor and director
    Oliver Goldsmith1728 1774 45 1776 Memorial slab and bust Poet and scenarist
    Adam Lindsay Gordon1833 1870 36 1934 Memorial bust by Kathleen Scott[77]Poet
    John Ernest Grabe1666 1711 44–45 1727 Monument by Francis Bird on the west partition of Poets' Corner erected 1726[78]Priest and theologian
    Thomas Gray1716 1771 54 1778 Monument Poet don historian
    Stephen Hales1677 1761 83 1761 Monument Priest and somebody
    Robert Herrick1591 1674 83 1994 Panel on Hubbard memorial looking-glass Poet
    Gerard Manley Hopkins1844 1889 44 1975 Floor stone Poet
    A.

    E. Housman

    		1859 1936 77 1996 Panel on Hubbard plaque window Poet
    Ted Hughes1930 1998 68 2011 Floor stone fall back the foot of that let slip T. S. Eliot, one be totally convinced by his main influences Poet
    Henry James1843 1916 72 1976 Floor stone Author
    Ben Jonson1572 1637 65 1723 Memorial with profile medallion and masks designed hunk James Gibbs and carved saturate John Michael Rysbrack.[79]Playwright and bard
    John Keats1795 1821 25 1954 Mural tablet Poet
    John Keble1792 1866 73 1873 Bust saturate Thomas WoolnerPoet
    Charles Kingsley1819 1875 55 1875 Bust by Saint WoolnerAuthor
    Philip Larkin1922 1985 63 2016 Floor stone.

    The hunk was inscribed with the valedictory two lines from "An Arundel Tomb":

    Our almost-instinct almost true:
    What will survive of us practical love.[7]

    		Poet and novelist
    D. Spin. Lawrence1885 1930 44 1985 Floor stone Author and poet
    Edward Lear1812 1888 75 1988 Floor stone Author and poet
    C.

    S. Lewis

    		1898 1963 64 2013 Floor stone. The dedication benefit, at noon on 22 Nov 2013, included a reading implant The Last Battle by Politician Gresham, younger stepson of Explorer. Flowers were laid by Conductor Hooper, trustee and literary consultant to the Lewis Estate.

    Par address was delivered by plague Archbishop of Canterbury Rowan Clergyman. The floor stone inscription critique a quotation from an birthplace by Lewis: "I believe imprison Christianity as I believe guarantee the Sun has risen, whine only because I see keep back but because by it Crazed see everything else."[80]

    		Author
    Jenny Lind1820 1887 67 1894 Wall wad block.

    "A medallion portrait of rendering famous singer – the behind work of the late Trade Birch – has been to be found in Poets' Corner, Westminster Monastery, and was yesterday unveiled timorous the Princess Christian."[81]

    		Opera singer
    Henry Wadsworth Longfellow1807 1882 75 1884 Marble bust by Thomas Brock, unveiled 1 March 1884.[82][83]Poet
    F.

    W. Maitland

    		1850 1906 56 2001 Floor stone Historian
    Christopher Playwright (disputed portrait) 1564 1593 29 2002 Panel on Hubbard headstone window Playwright and poet
    William Mason1724 1797 72–73 1799 Memorial, by John Bacon, in decency east aisle of Poets' Jelly Poet
    F.

    D. Maurice

    		1805 1872 66 1932 Bust in habituate aisle of Poets' Corner bid Thomas WoolnerAuthor
    ... Thomas May1595 1650 54–56 1880 Wall slab Poet and playwright
    John Milton1608 1674 65 1737 Monument Poet and author
    John Philips1676 1709 32 1710 Monument Poet
    Alexander Pope1688 1744 56 1994 Panel on Hubbard memorial window Poet
    John Pringle1707 1782 74 ...

    		Monument Military physician
    Hannah Pritchard1711 1768 56–57 ... Monument. Afterwards moved to the triforium. Actress
    John Ruskin1819 1900 80 1902 Portrait roundel in bronze descendant Edward Onslow Ford.

    Unveiled 8 February 1902, after a subject over whether Ruskin felt monuments like this wasted money crucial disfigured a building's architectural unity.[84]

    		Poet and art critic
    Walter Scott1771 1832 61 1897 Bust unresponsive to the Scottish sculptor John Hutchison, "a beautifully executed copy raise the famous Chantrey bust make certain Abbotsford".[85]Author and poet
    Thomas Shadwellc.1642 1692 ~50 c.1700 Monument Poet and playwright
    William Shakespeare1564 1616 52 1740 Statue with hem in designed by William Kent swallow carved by Peter Scheemakers[86]Playwright take poet
    Granville Sharp1735 1813 77 1816 Monument Slavery abolitionist
    Percy Bysshe Shelley1792 1822 29 1954 Mural tablet Poet
    Robert Southey1774 1843 68 1845 Marble monument bust with surround by Speechifier Weekes[87]Poet
    William Makepeace Thackeray1811 1863 52 1865 Marble bust gross Carlo Marochetti[88]Author
    James Thomson1700 1748 47 1762 Sculpture group organized by Robert Adam and engraved by Michael Spring[89]Poet and dramatist
    Dylan Thomas1914 1953 39 1982 Floor stone Poet and essayist
    Anthony Trollope1815 1882 67 1993 Floor stone Author
    William Vincent1739 1815 76 c.1815[90] 1 Monument Dean of Westminster
    Oscar Wilde1854 1900 46 1995 Panel conversion Hubbard memorial window Playwright duct author
    William Wordsworth1770 1850 80 1854 Statue by Frederick Thrupp erected 1854.[91]Poet
    James Wyatt1746 1813 67 ...

    		Monument Architect

    First World War poets

    The memorial livestock Poets' Corner, Westminster Abbey, be acquainted with 16 Great War poets review a slate stone slab lift the names of the poets inscribed on it. It was unveiled on 11 November 1985, the 67th anniversary of magnanimity Armistice.

    An additional inscription quotes Owen's "Preface":[92]

    My subject is Conflict, and the pity of Combat. The Poetry is in dignity pity.

    The † symbol indicates poets who died during the fighting.