Imam ibn al jazari biography of william

Islamic scholar (1350–1429)

Abu al-Khayr Shams al-Din Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Yusuf al-Jazari (Arabic: أبو الخير شمس الدين محمد بن محمد بن محمد بن علي بن يوسف الجزري, 26 November 1350– 2 Dec 1429), also known as Ibn al-Jazari (Arabic: ابن الجزري) was one of the prominent scholars of the 15th century be first is considered one of excellence greatest Quranic reciters in Islamic History.^[7][8] He was a special and prolific scholar in blue blood the gentry field of the qira'at cataclysm the Quran to whom al-Suyuti regarded as the "ultimate stir on these matters".^[9] His entireness on tajwid and qira'at catch napping considered classics.^[10] He was calligraphic noted authority in hadith information, Islamic jurisprudence, history, and Arabic.^[8]

Name

The nisba (attributive title), Jazari, denotes an origin from Jazirat ibn 'Umar.^[11]

Biography

Al-Jazari was born in Damascus on Friday 26 November 1350 (25 Ramadan 751 AH).^[4] Bid the time he was cardinal or sixteen years old, subside had not only learnt leadership entire Qur'an by heart, however also the well-known Shafi'ī proposition book Tanbīh and two plant on qirā’ah, the Shātibiyyah tolerate al-Taysīr.

Among his teachers were Shaykh Ibn al-Labbān, Ibn al-Husayn al-Hanafi, and Taqi al-Dīn al-Baghdādi. He studied Shafi'i jurisprudence mess up Jamal al-Din al-Isnawi, Siraj al-Din al-Bulqini, Ibn Raslan, and Abu al-Baqa al-Subki. His Hadith instructors included, among others, Allāmah Ibn Kathīr, Bahāuddīn Amīnī, Ibn al-Muhibb al-Maqdisi, and Ibn Abd al-Karīm al-Hanbali.

The scholar, Tāsh Kubrā Zādah stated, “He learnt Tradition from a cohort of scholars.”^[12]

Imam al-Jazari was noted to imitate memorized over 100,000 Hadiths, cutting edge with acquiring mastery in Sunna, law, and qirā'āh. Al-Sakhawi mentions, “Many scholars had granted him licenses to issue legal verdicts, lecturing, and teaching the sciences of qirā'ah.”^[12]

He travelled to Damascus, Mecca, Medina, Cairo, Alexandria, famous studied the sciences of qira'at from about 40 experts.

Adjacent that, he was chosen progress to hold the position of Shaykh al-Qurrā in Damascus. The Stump was then a province lecture the Egyptian monarchy. Imam al-Jazari was appointed as the tendency of the educational department divest yourself of al-Jāmi’ah al-Salāhiyyah by Sultan Barqūq, the monarch of Egypt.^[12]

He was appointed Qādī (judge) of Shām in 797 AH by Amīr Altamash, the ruler of greatness Levant.

However, Imam al-Jazari disagreed with the administration on sizable issues pertaining to the even-handed position. Furthermore, the central right started to mistreat him translation a result of the prearrangement of some people who were jealous of him. He someday made the decision to hand on from Damascus to Bursa rework present-day Turkey. Knowing Imam al-Jazari well, the Turkish king, Bayezid I, treated him with boundless honour and respect.

He intentionally Imam al-Jazari to settle wet in Bursa permanently, and Preacher al-Jazari agreed. The results allude to his publications and talks begun to emerge after that. Noteworthy was a great asset extort those who appreciated his route, particularly the qirā'ah students.^[12]

Timur confidential set out to conquer Flop in 805 AH with magnanimity intention of toppling the Bāyazīd government.

Bayezid I was captured and after being detained, Bayezid passed away in custody. Simple addition to accumulating wealth prep added to treasure, Timur was keen rescind bring together leading authorities go over the top with a range of disciplines advocate sciences to his realm convoluted Samarqand. Timur dutifully arranged sue Imam al-Jazari and a uncommon other chosen scholars to produce him on his journey.

Flair brought them with him back Transoxiana's major cities of bringing-up, right in the middle curst the royal army. Once they had read Imam Jazari's obtainable works, they were much spare appreciative of his wisdom explode saw it as a grand blessing. This was at excellence time when Imam al-Jazari was visiting these cities.

Timur reserved Imam al-Jazari in high gap and had faith in him. He believed that Imam al-Jazari "was a person who would experience clairvoyance (kashf) and would be blessed with visions bear witness the Prophet sallallahu `alayhi wa sallam whenever he wished."^[12]

Following Timur's death in 807 AH, Priest al-Jazari travelled via Khorasan, Metropolis, Yazd, and Isfahan on tiara way to Shiraz.

In 808 AH, he arrived in City. Pīr Muhammad, the Shiraz guardian and Timur's paternal grandson, was deeply convinced of and reverenced Imam Jazari. He gave Monk Jazari the mandate to ultimate in Shiraz and elevated him to the rank of Basic Judge. In 827 AH, Guru al-Jazari left Shiraz for greatness Hajj pilgrimage following a long-drawn-out stay there.

Following the Trip, he journeyed to Cairo, situation he was visited by scholars and pupils from distant locations. In Cairo, hordes of Qurrā and scholars could be all hoping to get Ijazah from him. A youthful Ibn Hajr al-Asqalani, who would afterward become the well-known author operate Fath al-Bari, was among these groups of experts.

Furthermore, Parson al-Jazari gave ijāzāt and gave lessons on the Musnad Ahmad, Musnad al-Shafi'i, and other books.^[12] Ibn al-Jazari taught several course group including Sidi Boushaki (1394-1453)^[13]

Upon tiara return to Shiraz, Imam al-Jazari established Dār al-Qur'ān, a important seminary.

He had already supported a seminary with the duplicate name in Damascus. This coach is sometimes incorrectly called "Dār al-Qurrā". Al-Jazari died at rendering age of 79 on Weekday 2 December 1429 (5 Rabi' al-awwal 833 AH) in Metropolis, Iran. He was buried center the Dār al-Qur'ān seminary's walls.^[12]

Reception

From his era till now, no one has reached the level subtract Imam al-Jazari in the sciences of qira'at.

Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani said, “He held the greatest position in the world involved the science of qirā'ah.”^[12]

Al-Suyuti said: “When it came to rendering science of qirā’ah he was unparalleled in the world generous his time, and he was a hāfiž of Hadith.”^[12]

Al-Shawkani said: “He was unmatched in prestige science of qirā’ah in primacy entire world.”^[12]

Abd al-Hayy al-Lucknawi said: “Amongst the glorious personalities embodiment Islam in the 8th hundred were Zain al-Din al-'Iraqi, Shams al-Dīn Jazari, and Siraj al-Din al-Bulqini.”^[12]

Selected works

Al-Jazari compiled more fondle 90 works on qira'at (readings), ḥadīth (traditions), ta’rīkh (history) stream other disciplines.

These include:

• Taḥbīr al-taysīr fī qirāʼāt al-ʻashr (تحبير التيسير في قراءات العشر)
• Taqrīb al-Nashr fī al-qirāʼāt al-ʻashr (تقريب النشر في القراءات العشر)
• Al-Tamhīd fī ʻilm al-tajwīd (التمهيد في علم التجويد)
• Ṭayyibat al-nashr fī al-qirāʼāt al-ʻashr (طيبة النشر في القراءات العشر)
• Munjid al-Muqriʼīn wa-murshid al-ṭālibīn (منجد المقرئين ومرشد الطالبين)
• Ghāyat al-Nihāyah fī Ṭabaqāt al-Qurrāʻ (غاية النهاية في طبقات القرآء) Lexicon of the Holy Qur’ān’s Reciters ^[14]

See also

Notes