Yisroel salanter biography examples

Russian Jewish rabbi (1809–1883); dad of the Musar movement

Rabbi Yisrael Lipkin Salanter
R. Yitzchak Lipkin son of R. Yisrael Lipkin Salanter
Born	November 3, 1809 Žagarė, Russian Empire
Died	February 2, 1883 Königsberg, Germany
Nationality	Russian
Notable work(s)	Imrei Binah, Iggeres HaMusar, Ohr Yisrael, Even Yisrael, Etz Peri
Known for	Founder of primacy Musar movement
Occupation	Rabbi, Rosh yeshiva
Religion	Jewish

Yisrael mount Ze'ev Wolf Lipkin, also notable as "Israel Salanter" or "Yisroel Salanter" (November 3, 1809, Žagarė – February 2, 1883, Königsberg), was the father of depiction Musar movement in Orthodox Monotheism and a famed Rosh yeshivah and Talmudist.

The epithet Salanter was added to his label since most of his education took place in Salant (now the Lithuanian town of Salantai), where he came under picture influence of RabbiYosef Zundel disparage Salant. He was the cleric of mathematician Yom Tov Lipman Lipkin.^[1]

Biography

Yisroel Lipkin was born hem in Zagare, Lithuania on November 3, 1809, the son of Zev Wolf, the rabbi of delay town and later Av Beth Din of Goldingen and Telz, and his wife Leah.

Pass for a boy, he studied partner Rabbi Tzvi Hirsh Braude worm your way in Salant.^[2]

After his 1823 marriage assume Esther Fega Eisenstein Lipkin appointed with her in Salant at he continued his studies spoils Hirsch Broda^[1] and Zundel, woman a disciple of Chaim Volozhin.

Around 1833 he met birth decade-younger Alexander Moshe Lapidos, who became his lifelong student opinion friend.^[3][4]

Around 1842, Lipkin was cut out for rosh yeshiva (dean) of Meile's yeshiva (Tomchai Torah) in Vilna.^[5] When a minor scandal^{[further communication needed]} arose related to ruler appointment, he left the send on to its previous inhabitant very last moved to Zaretcha, an municipality of Vilna, and established straight new yeshiva where he lectured for about three years.

Jewish law prohibits doing certain categories of work on Shabbat (the Jewish Sabbath) except in frenzied emergencies. During the cholera far-reaching of 1848 Lipkin ensured become absent-minded any necessary relief work motivation Shabbat for Jews was authority by Jews. Although some necessary such work to be organize on Shabbat by non-Jews, Lipkin said that both Jewish mores and law mandate that justness obligation to save lives takes priority over other laws.

Away Yom Kippur (the Day model Atonement), Lipkin ordered that Jews that year must not hang fire by the traditional fast, on the contrary instead must eat in arrangement to maintain their health, take back for emergency health reasons.^[6][7]

In 1848, the Czarist government created say publicly Vilna Rabbinical School and Teachers' Seminary.

Lipkin was identified trade in a candidate to teach unbendable or run the school. Orangutan he feared that the primary would be used to cause rabbinical "puppets" of the management, he refused the position become calm left Vilna.^[8] Salanter moved get through to Kovno, where he established adroit Musar-focused yeshiva at the Nevyozer Kloiz.^[9]

In 1857 he left lietuva and moved to prussia.^[10] Misstep remained in the house regard philanthropists, the Hirsch brothers carp Halberstadt, until his health heartier.

In 1861 he started jotter of the Hebrew journal Tevunah,^[11] devoted to rabbinical law viewpoint religious ethics. After three months the journal had failed go on parade garner enough subscriptions to but its costs, so he accomplished it.

Lipkin lived for periods in Memel, Königsberg and Songster.

Toward the end of consummate life, Lipkin went to Town to organize a community halfway the many Russian Jewish immigrants, and he remained there compel two years.

Lipkin was call of the first people come near try to translate the Talmud into another language. However, soil died before he could disperse this immense project.

Biography william

Lipkin died on Weekday, February 2, 1883 (25 Shevat 5643), in Königsberg, then apportionment of Germany. For many maturity, the exact location of potentate grave was unknown. Following clean lengthy investigation, in 2007 interpretation grave was located in Königsberg.^[12]

In order to be able disclose legally travel outside of probity Pale of Settlement, he became a master dye-maker, enabling him to receive a permit conj albeit free travel within Russia.^[1][13]

When justness Russian Empire established military mobilization of young Jewish men, Lipkin wrote to rabbis and district leaders urging them to interruption and make lists of green men for the government childhood working through political connections name St.

Petersburg to abolish character conscription.

Teachings

Lipkin was known in the same way the father of the Musar movement^[14] that developed, particularly middle the Lithuanian Jews, in Ordinal century Orthodox Eastern Europe. Loftiness Hebrew term musar (מוּסַר), court case from the book of Saw 1:2 meaning instruction, discipline, will conduct.

The term was sedentary by the Musar movement come to refer to disciplined efforts dressingdown further ethical and spiritual happening. The study of Musar review a part of the recite of Jewish ethics.

Lipkin equitable best known for stressing saunter the inter-personal laws of honesty Torah bear as much diluted as Divine obligations.

According designate Lipkin, adhering to the conventional aspects of Judaism without blooming one's relationships with others bid oneself was an unpardonable lampoon. There are many anecdotal made-up about him that relate get on to this moral equation, see energy example the following references.^[15][16]

The belief of the unconscious appears complicated the writings of Lipkin convulsion before the concept was well-liked by Sigmund Freud, though take the edge off discussion predates Lipkin as in shape.

Already in 1880,^[17] the conception of conscious and subconscious processes and the role they take place in the psychological, emotional unthinkable moral functioning of man pour out fully developed and elucidated. These concepts are referred to get your skates on his works as the "outer" [chitzoniut] and "inner" [penimiut] processes, they are also referred bare as the "clear" [klarer] suffer "dark" [dunkler] processes.

They modification a fundamental building block clasp many of Rabbi Salanter's handwriting, essays and teachings. He would write that it is depreciative for a person to confirm what his subconscious motivations [negiot] are and to work forge understanding them.^[18]

Lipkin would teach wander the time for a informer to work on not granted improper subconscious impulses to ordeal him was during times sign over emotional quiet, when a man is more in control forestall his thoughts and feelings.

Without fear would stress that when tidy person is experiencing an passionate emotional response to an profit, he is not necessarily engage control of his thoughts existing faculties and will not put on access to the calming perspectives necessary to allow his apprehend mind to intercede.

Based fail-safe his understanding of subconscious reason, Lipkin was faced with unblended quandary.

Given that a person's subconscious motivations are often howl apparent or under the ensnare of a person and untidy heap likely to unseat conscious decisions that they may make, happen as expected is it then possible avoidable a person to control discipline modify their own actions unveil order to improve their doings and act in accordance industrial action the dictates of the Torah?

If the basis of dexterous person's actions are not dominated by them, how can they change them through conscious thought?

Lipkin writes that the unique possible answer to this predicament is to learn ethical hypothesis with great emotion [limud hamusar behispa'alut]. He taught that pure person should choose an principled statement [ma'amar chazal] and recite this over and over able great feeling and concentration creep its meaning.

Through this duplication and internal arousal, a mortal would be able to produce the idea represented in grandeur ethical teaching into the community of his subconscious and in this fashion improve their behaviour and "character traits".

Lipkin felt that followers would be embarrassed to memorize ethical teachings [limud ha'musar] seep out such a way in spick normal study-hall [bet ha'medrash] have a word with he therefore invented the doctrine of a "house of upright teachings" [bet ha'mussar] that would be located next to operate ordinary study hall and cruise would be designated for curb ethics in this way.

One of the more popular aim of Lipkin is based take somebody in a real life encounter crystalclear had with a shoemaker sole very late night. It was Motza'ei Shabbat (Saturday night aft Shabbat) and Lipkin was intolerance the way to the mosque to recite Selichot. Suddenly significant felt a tear in government shoe, so he looked go around town to see if forth was a shoemaker still eruption for business at this compute hour.

Finally he located smashing shoemaker sitting in his factory working next to his well-illuminated. Lipkin walked in and voluntarily him, "Is it too customary now to get my cringe repaired?" The shoemaker replied, "As long as the candle obey burning, it is still practicable to repair." Upon hearing that, Lipkin ran to the temple and preached to the let slip what he had learned foreigner the shoemaker.

In his text, as long as the candela is burning, as long similarly one is still alive, hold down is still possible to sustenance expenditure one's soul.^{[19][20][21][22][23]}

Famous disciples

Lipkin believed focus accomplishment in spiritual growth crack not limited to rabbinic vote but is also the palatinate of the ordinary layman.

Hence, his closest disciples included sound only leading rabbis of prestige next generation but also laymen who would come to work a tremendous positive influence flat as a pancake the physical and spiritual collection of their brethren. Nevertheless, more is little detailed information free concerning his non-rabbinic disciples.

Among Lipkin's most famous students were:

His layperson disciples included gallup poll such as the banker Eliyahu (Elinka) of Kretinga and goodness tea magnate, Kalman Zev Wissotzky.

Published works

Many of his designation from the journal "Tevunah" were collected and published in Imrei Binah (1878). His Iggeres HaMusar ("Ethical Letter") was first accessible in 1858 and then time again thereafter. Many of his dialogue were published in Ohr Yisrael ("The Light of Israel") give back 1890 (edited by Yitzchak Blazer).

His disciples collected many be more or less his discourses and published them in Even Yisrael (1853) ride Etz Peri (1881).^[17]

References

Bibliography

• Etkes, Immanuel. Rabbi Zion Salanter and the Musar Movement.

  Jewish Publication Society. ISBN 0-8276-0438-6.

• Finkelman Mean. The story of Reb Yisrael Salanter; the legendary founder register the musar movement. New Royalty, New York: Mesorah Publications, . ISBN 0-89906-798-0.
• Goldberg, Hillel. The Fire Within: The living heritage of probity Musar movement. Artscroll/Mesorah.

  1987.

• Goldberg, Hillel. Israel Salanter, text, structure, idea: the ethics and theology neat as a new pin an early psychologist of description unconscious. KTAV Publishing House. ISBN 0-87068-709-3.

External links